Scripting
Bash
System Administration Patterns
405 Backup and Restore Procedures

Introduction
Commands
- Help and Docs
  - Intro
  - man
  - help (shell builtin)
  - info
  - apropos
  - whatis
- Files and Paths
  - Intro
  - pwd
  - cd
  - ls
  - tree
  - mkdir
  - rmdir
  - touch
  - cp
  - mv
  - rm
  - cat
  - less
  - more
  - chmod
  - chown
  - stat
  - file
  - find
  - fd
  - locate
  - ripgrep (rg)
  - ln
  - readlink
  - realpath
  - basename
  - dirname
  - which
  - alias / unalias
  - install
  - df
  - du
  - bat
  - eza
  - sha256sum
  - base64
  - cmp
  - getfacl / setfacl
  - chattr / lsattr
  - xxd
  - strings
  - namei
  - umask
  - Watching the filesystem: inotify vs fanotify
- Archives and Compression
  - Intro
  - tar
  - gzip
  - xz
  - bzip2
  - zstd
  - zip
  - unzip
  - zcat
  - zgrep
- System Information
  - Intro
  - uname
  - hostname
  - hostnamectl
  - lsb_release
  - uptime
  - date
  - timedatectl
  - cal
  - whoami
  - id
  - who
  - w
  - last
  - env
  - free
  - lscpu
  - lsmem
  - lsusb
  - lsmod
  - hwinfo
  - Four Ways to Talk to the Kernel
  - CPU masks and lists: reading the kernel’s bitmaps
- Processes and Jobs
- System Monitoring
- Users and Groups
  - Intro
  - sudo
  - visudo
  - useradd
  - usermod
  - userdel
  - passwd
  - chage
  - groupadd
  - groupmod
  - groupdel
  - getent
  - su
  - sudo-rs
- Networking
  - Intro
  - ip
  - ss
  - ping
  - traceroute
  - mtr
  - dig
  - host
  - nslookup
  - doggo
  - resolvectl
  - curl
  - wget
  - ssh
  - scp
  - rsync
  - nc
  - tcpdump
  - nmap
  - openssl
  - nmcli
  - ufw
  - nft
  - iptables
  - ifconfig
  - netstat
  - ftp
  - telnet
  - ssh-keygen
  - ssh-copy-id
  - sftp
  - ethtool
  - firewall-cmd
  - ssh-agent / ssh-add
  - Certificate renewal audit (64-day and 45-day certificates)
  - poll vs epoll vs io_uring
- Scheduling
  - Intro
  - cron
  - crontab
  - anacron
  - at
- Logging
  - Intro
  - dmesg
  - logger
  - logrotate
- Hardware
- Storage and Filesystems
- Terminals and Multiplexers
  - Intro
  - tmux
  - screen
  - byobu
  - tmate
  - abduco
- Text and Pipes
  - Intro
  - grep
  - sed
  - awk
  - cut
  - sort
  - uniq
  - tr
  - head
  - tail
  - wc
  - tee
  - xargs
  - diff
  - comm
  - paste
  - column
  - jq
  - pv
- Packages
  - Intro
  - apt
  - dpkg
  - dnf
  - rpm
  - yum
  - snap
- Services and Runtime
- Shell Commands
  - Intro
  - echo
  - printf
  - history
  - type / command
  - export
  - time
  - pushd / popd / dirs
- Security in Shell Scripts
- Appendices
  - Intro
  - Ubuntu Cheatsheet
Editors
Scripting
- Bash

Table of contents

Backup and Restore Procedures

Backup and Restore Procedures

Updated

October 31, 2026

Backup and Restore Procedures

Automating incremental snapshots using rsync with hard links (--link-dest).

Log Processing and Rotation

Service Health Checks with Retries